International Trade Organization And Trade Agreements

International trade has been present in society for centuries; however, today s interconnected economies and growing globalization has to lead to an increase in trading regulations and the creation of trading blocs which aim to implement easier and cheaper trade within global economies. In 1995, 164 countries came together to create the world trade organization. This organization deals with trading rules and agreements within nations. This report will assess the benefits and challenges which occur through international trade agreements. As well as aiming to provide an overview of trade policy issues and how the international trading system operates. 1.The role of the world trade organization in the regulation of international trade†¦show more content†¦To protect business growth and ensure no business can steal the assets of another the WTO created the controversial trade-related aspects of international property rights(TRIPS) agreement. Innovative activity has been the s ingle, most important component of long-term economic growth3 and because â€Å"IPRs stimulate inventive and creative activities† 4 because the trips agreement is implemented to protect innovation, it can be inferred that this agreement is crucial in generating economic growth. The WTO has not only enhanced the value and quantity of trade but has also assisted in eradicated trade and non-trade barriers. WTO has also broadened the trade governance scope to trade in investment, services and intellectual property. It has emerged as a greater organization than GATT and expanded the agenda by including developmental policies which further helped in settlement of disputes and improved monitoring by introducing the Trade Policy Review and the World Trade Report as well as increased transparency by removing green room negotiations. 1.1 The two different types of trade: Trade is divided into two types. Visible trade which the imports and exports of tangible goods such as commodities and invisible theShow MoreRelatedInternational Organizations And International Trade Agreements1917 Words   |  8 PagesWhen it comes to the political set up of the international organizations that positively and negatively affects poorer nations can be classified in realist’s point of view as powerful nations lobbying the international organizations to pass their agenda that affects smaller countries in the interests of promoting national hegemonic power. As a results, of this, regardless of the debts accumulated by powerful international organization’s veto power, they are still on top of the average poor nationRead MoreWorld Trade Organization Essay1696 Words   |  7 PagesWorld Trade Organization The World Trade Organization (WTO), is an international organization designed to supervise and liberalize international trade. The WTO came into being on January 1, 1995, and is the successor to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), which was created in 1947, and continued to operate for almost five decades as a de facto international organization. The World Trade Organization deals with the rules of trade between nations at a near-global level; itRead MoreChinas Entry into the World Trade Organization688 Words   |  3 PagesIntroduction World Trade Organization ( WTO Eng . World Trade Organization (WTO) - an international organization founded January 1, 1995 for the purpose of international trade liberalization and regulation of trade and political relations between the Member States. WTO established under the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) .WTO is responsible for the introduction of new parts as well as enforces the members of the organization of all agreements signed by most countries and ratified byRead MoreThe World Trade Organization1270 Words   |  6 PagesWorld Trade Organization Different countries and regions of the world have relationships based on global and international trade through trading organizations. World Trade has been a crucial part of the economy and many different programs have tried to find an effective way for free trade to occur. Based on previous programs since 1914, and new goals formed recently, the World Trade Organization has found the most powerful and effective way since 1995 to conduct free trade internationally. TheRead MoreInternational Institutions, Treaties, And Sanctions Essay1647 Words   |  7 PagesInternational Institutions, Treaties, and Sanctions and Their Effects on International Business International institutions abound in the realm of international business. As globalization increases, disputes multiply. The responsibilities of these organizations can vary due to the needs of its members, such as monetary or trade issues. Moreover, the support these institutions provide may come in the form of various agreements to include the negotiation or enforcement of sanctions and treaties whichRead MoreInternational Trade Agreements And How Governmental Influences Benefited Trade1231 Words   |  5 Pagesengaging in international trade agreements and how governmental influences benefitted trade. To regulate international trade between nations, international trade agreements exist. These agreements involve regulating imports, exports and international trade of some specialty goods. The United States have been involved in many international trade agreements including free trade agreements. Free trade Agreements (FTA) helps the United States to open up foreign markets for dom estic firms. The agreements helpRead MoreWorld Trade Organization and Its Role in Promoting Trade1128 Words   |  4 PagesWORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION World Trade Organization and its Role in Promoting Trade World Trade Organization and its Role in Promoting Trade The World Trade Organization (WTO) is one of the youngest international organizations that work with the purpose of promoting free international trade. It encourages countries to abolish the import tariffs and other such obstructions. Its main function is to ensure that the international trade moves smoothly and efficiently. World Trade Organization, basedRead MoreWhat Would Our Nation Do Without Globalization and International Trade? 1574 Words   |  7 Pagestactical imperative for nearly all large organizations. With this, marketing managers have a great deal on their hands in developing, monitoring and changing these strategies. Becoming international is an important factor in assisting organizations in becoming globally competitive. Strategic imperatives have helped in the development of globalization. Organizations can no longer stand still while their competitors grow stronger. This causes organizations to seek out new markets. Survival is aRead MoreGlobal Sourcing And Global Supply Management1542 Words   |  7 Pagesof buying, including outsourcing from low-cost countries. Many companies and international organizations today conform to such strategies to reduce total costs, gain a competitive edge over their competitors in the same marketplace, increased their organization’s pr ofitability, meeting and exceeding shareholders’ annual returns and more importantly steadily optimizing customer’s satisfaction. In today’s international business environment, the world is seen as a global village where goods and servicesRead MoreAn Exhibition Of First Class Art Performance Dance And Theatre1372 Words   |  6 Pagespromote solar power. International Arts Festival — An exhibition of first class art performance dance and theatre. Held during the first week of March. †¨ Fruits Festival — Celebration and appreciation of the myriad of fruits the island/country offers. An array of all the most exotic fruits are offered to people for free on June 1st! Easter — Easter eggs, egg hunts, food, gifts, and treats are a way of celebrating the resurrection of Jesus Christ in the month of April International Beach Clean Up Day

Memory- A ToK Essay - 663 Words

Memory ‘Memory – like liberty – is a fragile thing’ – Elizabeth Loftus. What does this statement suggest about memory as a way of knowing in the pursuit of ethical knowledge? Loftus suggests that memory, like liberty (i.e. freedom), is something that can easily be manipulated due to its delicate nature. The title assumes that we can recall on past events in order to draw reasonable conclusions surrounding ethical issues. In order to understand the question raised in the title more easily it could be rephrased as follows; ‘Is memory a reliable way of knowing when drawing conclusions based on ethical matters?’. There are weaknesses when looking at only one way of knowing because it prevents us from having a comprehensive understanding of†¦show more content†¦An example of this would be the ‘Lost In The Mall’ study; subjects were given narratives of events from their childhood, provided by family members. But, one of these narratives was a fictional story of how they got lost in a mall as a child. Because they were told repeatedly in a very convincing manner that these events really did happen, 25% of participants were ab le to ‘remember’ the false event, i.e. they believed a delusion. This proves just how easily memories can be influenced and changed, and so makes me believe that using memory alone as a way of knowing is an inadequate method in which to judge ethical issues. This title led me to develop me own knowledge question: ‘Is memory an accurate way of knowing when looking at events of the past?’ The ‘Survival School Interrogation’ study explains clearly why I believe that memory is an inadequate way of knowing when looking at past events. US soldiers were subjected to abusive interrogation techniques and afterwards were asked to identify their interrogator. However, they were asked misleading questions about their interrogator’s appearance (e.g. ‘He was the man with the beard, wasn’t he?’) and so over 50% of the soldiers falsely identified the interrogator (false identification). This is because the soldiers felt subjected to normative conformity. They wanted to fit in with what was being suggested to them by their peers and so, perhaps knowingly,Show MoreRelatedDiscuss the Roles of Language and Reason in History1695 Words   |  7 PagesTOK- Essay Question 9 â€Å"Discuss the roles of language and reasoning in history† 1451 words Nadia Lotze 000 865-015 Mr Skeoch History is the past written by the present. The very nature of this statement creates the predicament of historical knowledge. The historians of the present are under constant pressure of rapidly changing society; therefore what we discover from the past is dependent on our perceptions that are forever changing. History and historical explanations are deduced and manipulatedRead MoreTok Essay: Ways of Knowing826 Words   |  4 PagesTok Essay Ways Of Knowing Using one way of knowing is not enough if you want to determine if something is true or if something is believed to be true. The different ways of knowing are sense perception, reasoning, emotion and memory. Plato once stated that knowledge is â€Å"Justified true belief† which just goes to show that in order to obtain knowledge, we need to know certain thing as a fact, not belief. When we believe something is true, we do not know it for certain. We just have faith inRead MorePsychology And Science Of A Heterosexual And Homosexual Man Through The Course Of Nature Vs. Nurture1168 Words   |  5 Pagesthe studies; Simon LeVay, Roselli, Hamers, Sanders, Hansen. The perception of whether homosexuality conforms to the course of nature vs. nurture can influence the amount of scrutiny judged upon affected individuals. 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Thus, I wish to examine how we best acquire knowledge in Natural Sciences andRead MoreSamsung History5110 Words   |  21 PagesSemiconductor and SAMSUNG Electronics became separate entities as new products were introduced to the global market. SAMSUNG only produced semiconductors for the domestic market until the successful development of a 64K DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory) VLSI chip in December 1983, when it became a world leader in semiconductor products. SAMSUNG Precision Company (established in 1977) laid the foundation in another high-tech industry - aerospace. Renamed SAMSUNG Aerospace Industries in February

Of Mice and Men †Misc Questions Free Essays

OMAM Essays a) How does Steinbeck use details in this passage to present the bunkhouse and its inhabitants? Steinbeck uses many different ideas to present to present the bunkhouse and its inhabitants. Steinbeck emphasises that the inhabitants have little possessions by commenting about the â€Å"apple box† forming â€Å"two shelves for the personal belongings of the occupant of the bunk†. As all the occupants would be itinerant workers, which meant that they had a nomadic lifestyle, this also highlights that the occupants couldn’t afford possessions and probably didn’t have a lot of room for them anyway. We will write a custom essay sample on Of Mice and Men – Misc Questions or any similar topic only for you Order Now This indicates that they had little home comfort and it was probably quite an uncomfortable, stark and hostile environment they lived in. This lack of familiarity or care is also further portrayed by the description of the bunkhouse itself. The walls are described as â€Å"whitewashed† and the floor is â€Å"unpainted†. This could indicate that the owners of the bunkhouse really don’t care about the inhabitants. However, this may not be because the owners dislike the inhabitants, more probably because the itinerant workers don’t stay around for long enough for the workers and the boss to have a proper relationship. This reiterates the point that â€Å"maybe everyone in the whole damn world is scared of each other† and the society they live in is truly a backstabbing and hostile environment. We even know that Crooks, who is a long time inhabitant of the bunkhouse, isn’t treated fairly and much more like an animal because he lives in the barn and he has little possessions. This also shows how cruel their environment is. Despite all of this – at least the inhabitants still have pride. This is demonstrated by George’s disgust when he finds a yellow can of pest killer next to his bed, indicating that the bed may be infested. Clearly, George was not expecting there to be pests in his bed which could indicate that he is a cynical man and has been hardened by his surroundings. This could also emphasise how out of place Lennie is. His docile approach just doesn’t fit in with his life. b) In the rest of the novel, how does Steinbeck present the lives of ranch workers at that time? Steinbeck has intentionally designed each character to represent a segregated group of society. Together, all the characters are presented in a microcosm and they all represent something much larger. For example, Crooks represents the prejudice that black people had to put up with and Crooks’ opinion of this treatment is evident throughout the book in an unbiased way, allowing the reader to digest the ideas of Steinbeck. George is one of the most pivotal characters in the book, as he represents the typical itinerant worker, trying to get money wherever they can after the backlash of the wall street crash. Unfortunately, like most workers at the time, they were all very lonely because of their nomadic lifestyle. Although George doesn’t appear to be lonely because of his friendship with Lennie, there are subtle indicators that being lonely is George’s fate. For example, George often plays Solitaire which is a game for one person. Steinbeck is highlighting how lonely it would be for the workers to always be working with no stable home. George also says that he â€Å"ain’t got no people† and that people like him who are alone â€Å"get wantin’ to fight all the time. This indicates that life for the workers was hard because all the workers were exactly like George – they were alone and they were a product of an inimical environment. Through George, Steinbeck is also describing how angry and nasty everyone becomes when they are alone. This is demonstrated by Crooks – who was cynical and nasty to Lennie when he showed weakness. Crooks has oft en proven to be an angry and bitter man, however this is only because of the way he is treated. As he is black, people don’t talk to him or accept him for what he is. They even go as far as to not let him in the bunkhouse. Early on in the book, when Candy is describing Christmas on the ranch he says â€Å"they even let the nigger in† as if that was an unusual event – which of course for them it was. Through this, Steinbeck is addressing the segregation that blacks lived with in 1930s America. a) How do the details in this passage add to your understanding of George and his relationship with Lennie? In this passage it is clear that Lennie looks up to George How to cite Of Mice and Men – Misc Questions, Essay examples

The World Of Cloning Essay Research Paper free essay sample

The World Of Cloning Essay, Research Paper For many old ages, scientists, every bit good as the people of this state, have been interested in a capable known as cloning. The word ringer originally came from the Grecian word klon, significance, a subdivision or outgrowth. In 1961, J.B. Gurdon cloned a polliwog by destructing the karyon in an unfertilised cell and replacing it with one from an grownup polliwog. He says this technique can besides be used in worlds. Why ringer a individual? Cloning is really utile. Its survey can foster our cognition of embryonic cell division and immunology every bit good as organ rejection. Cloning has already been introduced as a portion of the surveies of malignant neoplastic disease and the ripening of the human organic structure. Another illustration of utilizing cloning in medical specialty is the narrative of Dr. Beatrice Mintz. She produced mice with Lesch-Nydam disease. This is used as an carnal theoretical account of human familial upsets. We will write a custom essay sample on The World Of Cloning Essay Research Paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Over 400 old ages ago cloning was already germinating. In Europe we see an illustration of selective genteelness. This was used after Leonardo Da Vinci died. The people wanted another endowment lik vitamin E him so they set out to happen a immature adult female who had the same attributes as Da Vinci s female parent who would deliver a kid and rise and train him in the humanistic disciplines. Similar thoughts have come about. J. B. S. Haldane proposed the thought that we save the genotypes of celebrated people and utilize them to do a ringer. These ringers could be used to heighten our civilization. Dr. Elof Axel wants cloning to be used to raise dead personalities. But this thought is wholly absurd and unethical. Some people think that cloning is all bad. The fact is that it isn t. Cloning is one of the most unbelievable finds of all time made. It may shortly extinguish atrocious familial defects and take us to bring arounding malignant neoplastic disease. Knowledge of cistrons would let us to make something about familial defects. Down s syndrome is another illustration. This defect occurs when a individual receives an excess chromosome ( 47, alternatively of 46. ) We must understand that parts of cloning are still being researched, but if familial technology could be used to bring around the strivings and agonies of stultifying upsets, it would be deserving certain hazards.

The Hardy Boys Series Of Books Was My Choice Of Reading Material. The

The Hardy Boys' series of books was my choice of reading material. The books chosen were Rigged for Revenge (Hardy Boys Casefiles) and Hunting for Hidden Gold (Hardy Boys revised a hardback book). These books are very similar because they are both mysteries, have a lot of the same characters, and plot Developments of investigative work by the Hardy brothers. The author (Franklin W. Dixon [Leslie McFarlane]) and the series of books, on the other hand, has an interesting story behind them. The stories were created in 1927 by Edward Stratemeyer, who also created Nancy Drew, Tom Swift, the Rover Boys, and dozens of other memorable characters. The Hardy Boys remain popular today with well over 250 titles published. Their adventure continues in three series of paperback books (The Hardy Boys, The Hardy Boys Casefiles, Frank & Joe Hardy: The Clues Brothers) as well as the revised hardcover books published by Grosset Starting in 1959, the first 38 stories were revised. The series has been published the world over in many languages. The Hardy Boys is the all-time best-selling series of books for boys. In 1927, the first three "breeder" volumes of the Hardy Boys were released. The stories were written by Canadian newspaper writer, Leslie McFarlane, who was hired by Edward Stratemeyer to ghostwrite the stories from Stratemeyer's outlines. McFarlane continued to write the stories, with brief interruption, for 20 years. Leslie McFarlane eventually wrote the original texts for most of the first 26 volumes in the series. After the late 1940's, the Stratemeyer Syndicate (then run by Harriet S. Adams) hired a variety of other writers to work on The Hardy Boys. Few of them had McFarlane's gift for detail and humor, and the later volumes are less fun to read. The fun was further squeezed out of the books in 1959, when Adams decided her series needed updating and recruiting. She was correct in some ways; the early Hardy Boys, Nancy Drews, etc. had not been written with the knowledge that they would still be in print thirty years later. By then, times had changed so much that many details in the original stories were too old-fashioned, and risked alienating young readers. The obvious racism of the earlier books was insulting to adults, who sent angry letters to Adams, protesting her books' chilling portrayals of Blacks, Asians, and Latinos. Wanting her books to remain welcome , Adams set about a massive revision project which lasted for several years. Each Hardy Boys book (and Nancy Drew, and Bobbsey Twins) was re-written. Some received entirely new plots. The Hardys and Drews continued for another 20 years to be Gosset & Dunlap's best-selling juveniles. The Stratemeyer Syndicate took full credit for the name (Franklin W. Dixon) . However, the origin of Franklin W. Dixon, came from Leslie McFarlane naming himself after two of his brothers (Frank- [Franklin], and Wilmot [also known as Dick] [both the W. and the Dixon]). He also wrote some of Ted Scott's books, and other series work (Dana's, etc.). He once mentioned that he penned a couple of Nancy Drew's books. This caused quite a furor in the NewsGroup, as the identities of the various Carolyn Keene's over the years have had a certain cloud of mystery around them. There is really no proof that he did so, just a comment he made back in 1974, saying he did. It has been said that he ghosted for another ghost, and never received credit The details of the author and book series was as much of a mystery as were the books. The protagonist of Rigged For Revenge was Dudley Baker. Baker is the President of Lone Star Oil Company, Headquarters based out in Texas. The company has oil rigs in the Gulf of Mexico that are threatened to close down because of sabotaged efforts of an unknown enemy. Several attempts of planned incidents almost puts the multi-million dollar company out of business. Dudley hires the Hardy brothers and their father to investigate, and find the saboteur. The antagonist of the story was Clem Maxwell, the Chief Operating Officer of the oil rig. Although he is employed by the oil company, he was out

Discipline in High School Class

Discipline in High School Class Free Online Research Papers Subject: Discipline Topic: Use some ideas from Kounin or Skinner to solve a classroom problem One of my classes is made up for the most part of good students. The class is not large, although the room is tiny and crowded. Some of the students are excellent, always having the answers ready. Others listen for the most part, and learn. Two students, who we will call Amit and Gal, are different. They don’t seem to take the class seriously, and like to laugh and joke, even when nothing is funny. Amit doesn’t always pay attention, but when his behavior in class is commented on by the teacher, he always makes a big argument and defends himself. â€Å"Why me? I’m not the only one talking. And anyway, I wasn’t disturbing the class. I work hard to assimilate the material, see how my grades have come up since the beginning of the year. Why do you pick on me? I wasn’t fooling around at all. â€Å" He never admits anything. You would think he was being interrogated by the police and was afraid to admit even one thing, because it will be held against hi m What advice can Skinner and Kounin give me? How can I control this student’s behavior, or get him to control himself? I think I would try Skinner’s successive approximations and positive reinforcement. If Amit doesn’t disturb for a half an hour, make a positive comment even if he doesn’t listen. When he listens attentively make another positive comment. (These students are too old for stickers or Smileys). After a few days of this, discuss with him his improvement but insist in the future on no disturbances and also attentiveness. I would also try and keep up the Kounin student accountability pressure on Amit by peppering him with questions more frequently than other students. I would do this even though he will resent it. Gal’s problem is very similar. I once told of a humorous comment of the Ibn Ezra, at which Gal laughed uproariously. Gal constantly refers to this comment and laughs, even though it’s not that funny the tenth repetition. He also talks in class much too much, and is called to task frequently. I and using Kounin’s student accountability, but that has only limited effectiveness. I think I should try a schedule of reinforcement if Gal does not disturb, and note and praise his positive (or really non-negative) classroom behavior. Research Papers on Discipline in High School ClassStandardized TestingTrailblazing by Eric AndersonHip-Hop is ArtUnreasonable Searches and SeizuresThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm XPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyWhere Wild and West MeetQuebec and CanadaMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever Product

Business and commercial awareness Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Business and commercial awareness - Coursework Example One of the biggest stakeholders that view.com rely upon are its customers and by offering good DVD’s, its customers are entertained while the company makes profits (Bruce, 2005). Channel Islands are also stakeholders interested in View.com’s performance; this is because the island levies taxes on the company. Moreover, View.com has employed British citizens and this is helps in reducing unemployment levels in the UK. View.com has competitors who are also stakeholders since if view.com folds up its DVD business then the competitors are going to have an easy time in selling their merchandise (Crabb, 2007). d) Offering online videos at a discount for overseas and unreachable customers would help in increasing the DVD sales. Offering online videos would help on reducing postage stamps costs (Bradbury, 2005). e) By opening an online DVD sale system, movie previews can be availed to customers and this will help in increasing the sales for view.com. Moreover, view.com can make more money from adverts in the online website. The sales for view.com have reduced drastically over the last two years and this has been attributed to declining sales. However the costs of achieving the sales figures shown in the graph below have relatively the same. The new investment in the view.com must be higher than anticipated and it should reflect the sales for the year 2011. The new investment should be able to replace the sales and costs figures for 2011 and gradually grow in future periods. For the sales figures to be upbeat and good, view.com should be able to achieve figures of 300 and above so that the business can be competitive. The cost of running view.com should also be brought down to a level of around 150 for the business to become cost effective. It is important to understand the costs that are spent by view.com in its pursuit of achieving good profit margins in its business (Andersen, 2007). The levels of sales of DVD’s should be

Global economic Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6000 words

Global economic - Assignment Example Simon, an economist, and P. Ehrlich, a biologist (Economist 2011). In the book of Ehrlich under the title ‘Population bomb’ reference is made to five metals, the price of which was expected to increase in the following ten years because of the increase of population globally; a bet has been set between Ehrlich and Simon who opposed the above argument, noting that no such increase would take place, a view that was verified up to 1990s (Economist 2011). According to the article, if the above issue were reviewed now, a different result would be revealed. Indeed, if the views of these scientists were compared today, Ehrlich would have won the bet (Economist 2011). In other words, the article aims to highlight the different effects of growth of global population, as reported through the decades. It is noted that in the past, the effects of the increase of population globally would be less negative for the environment compared to today; this view is based mostly on the argumen t of the World Bank that the global food production would have to increase by about 70% by 2050, so that the food needs of global population, estimated to 9 million in 2050, to be covered (Economist 2011). However, it has been proved that areas with stable population, like Europe and USA (Economist 2011) tend to affect more the global climate, compared to countries where the level of population is unstable. Under these terms, it is suggested that the control on the rate of growth of population should be developed both at state and at family level. 2nd version The rate of increase of population globally has been often considered as related to the economy of countries worldwide. At the same time, the effects of increase of population on global climate seem to be important. However, these views have not been standardized through the decades. For example, according to the book ‘The Population Bomb’ of Ehrlich, the increase of global population between 1980 and 1990 could le ad to the increase of the price of five metals: ‘copper, chromium, nickel, tin and tungsten’ (Economist 2011). By 1990, no such increase occurred, a fact that was already highlighted by Ehrlich opponent, Julian Simon (Economist 2011). In the years that followed, a different trend appeared: it was made clear that the increase of global population could lead to the increase of food required for covering people’s daily food needs, an issue highlighted by the World Bank (Economist 2011). In addition, it was proved that the increase of global population could negatively affect the environment. It seems though that the economic and environmental effects of the increase of global population are more intensive in rich countries, like USA and China. Introducing a birth-control policy, as in China, would minimize such risks. Still, the article notes that the control on global population should be rather based on appropriate family planning and less on the intervention of s tate, which can lead to severe demographic and economic turbulences, as in the case of China. In the above country, the one-child policy promoted by the government has helped to control the excessive increase of population, which would have adverse effects on the country’s economy and climate, but this policy is expected to lead to the radical decrease of the country’s working population in the near future (Economist 2011). B. Peck, Don. â€Å"Can The Middle Class Be Saved?† Atlantic Monthly September 2011 1st version Commonly,

Case comment coursework Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Case comment coursework - Essay Example Through the privatization, the government was allowed to retain a special share. This entitled the government, according to the company’s constitution, to appoint two of the eight directors but with no voting rights (Patterson, 2001). History Belize privatized its telecomm network in 1989. Under the privatization, the government was to gradually sealed off its shares and, in the process, retained a special share (Redfem, 2004). According to the company’s constitution, 8 directors would be appointed as per the shareholding in the following manner: The special share holder can appoint 2 of the 8 directors. In this case the government had a special share which entitled it to appoint two directors. Class â€Å"B† shareholders comprising private investors could appoint two directors. Class â€Å"C† shareholders could appoint four directors. The government also owned Class â€Å"C† shares. A further provision for the election directors was made, stating t hat if a special shareholder possessed over 37.5% of the share capital in total, it would appoint two of the 4 Class â€Å"C† directors. The government in 2003 completed the privatization process. A law was passed to this effect to enable the completion (Richardson, 2004). In 2004, Belize Telecommunications bought the special share and the Class â€Å"C† shares from the government. To enable Belize Telecommunications to purchase the shares, the government changed its shares into a loan to enable Belize to finance the transaction. Since this was a loan from the government, it needed security from Belize. Belize gave the government a ‘pledge’ on the shares that it had just sold, i.e. the Class â€Å"C† shares, but not on the special share until the debt was repaid (Robertson, 2006). In February 2005, Belize defaulted in the loan repayment and the government’s pledge under the loan agreement was enforced. The government now had more than 37.5% o f the class â€Å"C† shares but without the special share. Belize now had less than 37.5% of shares. The main issue of the case is on whether the directors subject to appointment by the special shareholder with over 37.5% of class â€Å"C† shares could be removed. In this instance, there was no shareholder who held both the special share and over 37.5% of class â€Å"C† shares. Belize Telecommunications argued that the two directors were not removable whereas the Attorney General argued otherwise. The argument was that the articles of association regarding the appointment of directors should be made to provide that vacation of office by a director should happen if the shareholding specification that brought him there ceased existing. The Belize Supreme Court’s Chief Justice agreed with the government. With its 37.5% shareholding, the government should be given power to dismiss the two directors and recruit new ones (Olivelle, 2005). Analysis Court Analysi s. The Chief Justice in the Belize Supreme Court agreed with the Attorney General that the government may be allowed to remove the directors in question and appoint new ones. The Privy Council’s advice through Lord Hoffman came up with the principles of interpreting the company’s articles of association. The interpretation principles apply, whether it is an act of Parliament or company contract. A search for the meaning of the

Tesco PESTEL Framework

Tesco PESTEL Framework Introduction Tesco is the largest organization in the UK and one of the biggest supermarket chains in the world. Tesco is one of the top three supermarkets in the world, Tesco operating over 3700 stores globally and employing over 440,000 people. The company operates in 13 countries outside the UK. There are many factors which contribute directly to the success of this leading super market chain. Business Strategy plays a pivotal role in the success of Tesco. Tescos History Tesco was founded in 1920s by Sir Jack Cohen, to setup high street grocery stores in and around London. Tesco name used for the first time in Edgeware London in 1929. The name was drawn from the initials of the companys tea supplier (T.E Stockwell), and Cohens own name. In 1930s when Mr. Cohen built a headquarters and warehouse in North London, its brand continually rises. In 1932 Tesco formally established as a private limited company. In 1947 Tesco stores (holdings) ltd floated on the stock exchange with a share price of 25p. In 1990s the company introduce a slogan Every Little Help, they also introduce Club card scheme in 1995. Tesco personal Finance was introduced in 1997, in order to provide its customers with a wide array of financial services, including visa card, and Tesco saving account in stores bank branches. Today it reported that group sales were  £51.8bn in the year to February 23 2008. Pre-tax profit rose to  £2.8bn. Company Analysis: PESTEL Framework Political Factors Tesco is operating in different countries, so due to its globalised operation its performance is highly affected by the Political and legislative conditions of these countries. According to Balchin, 1994 the Govt encourages the retailers to provide mix job from flexible and locally based jobs to highly skilled, higher-paid and centrally located jobs. (Balchin, 1994) Economical Factors Tesco is also affected by economical factors, such as costs, demand, prices and profits. Unemployment is the most important influential factor which decreases the effective demand for many goods. Basically Tesco is affected indirectly by the economic factor, but their affect on performance and the marketing mix can be learned. Social/Cultural Factors Due to the rapid change in trends, the company expand the amount of non food items available for sale. The UK customers have moved towards one stop and huge shopping, due to the variety of social changes. It also affected by Demographic changes such as population, female worker are increased, so the company will have to focusing added- value products and services. Technological Factors Technology factors are affected the development of many of the Tesco products. Both customers and company are capitalized from the Technology, because customer satisfaction mount for goods readily available, services becomes more quick and shopping more convenient. The lunch of the efficient Consumer Response initiative provided the shift that is now apparent in management of food supply chains. (Data monitor Report, 2003) The company uses the following technologies: Wireless Devices Intelligent scale Electronic shelf labelling Self check-out machine Radio Frequency identification (RFID) Companys Analysis: Porters Five Forces Threat of New Entrants The UK grocery market is primary henpecked by few competitors, including four major brands of Tesco, Asda, Sainsburys and Morisons that process a market share of 70% and small chain of Somerfield, Waitrose, and lidle with further 10%. However, due to the large operation they built their power to operating efficiency, one-stop shopping and major marketing mix expenditure. Hence, nowadays it possesses a strong barrier for new companies who crave to enter the grocery market. To become a market leader Tesco invest huge money in large chain, advance technology for checkout and stock control system that impact the new entrants and existing ones. Bargaining Power of Customers According to Michael Porter, the more products that become standardised or undifferentiated, the lower the switching cost, and hence more power is yielded to buyers. Porters M. (1980). Tescos famous loyalty card Club card keep the most successful customer holding strategy that tremendously increases the profitability of Tescos business. To fulfil customers needs, custom-make service, ensure low prices, better choices, constant flow of in store promotions enables brands like Tesco to control and hold their customer base. Bargaining Power of Supplier Tesco has negotiating better promotional prices from supplier that small individual chains are unable to match. And this is company policy and company main approach to have unparallel relationships with suppliers. Threat of Substitutes According to the Porters theory, General substitution is able to reduce demand for a particular product, as there is a threat of consumers switching to the alternatives (Porter M1980). However in the grocery market this can be seen in the form of product for product, new trends such as the way of small and convenient stores are emerging in the market. Bargaining Power of Competitors Tesco is operating in mature market, where growth is difficult, and consumer are extend demanding and advanced, large chains as company take place large amounts of consumer information that can be used to communicate with consumer. Therefore the preponderant market leaders have responded refocusing on price and value, whilst reinforcing the added value elements of their service. Analysis of Resources, Competence and Culture For the company, customer is first priorities, by the time of recession, a research shows that price are ranked as the most important margins not seen in twodecades. Therefore the company believe that their job is to help the customer with less spending. So the company launched value line, the famous blue stripes, the company would be able to provide the cheapest grocery shop in the country discounter included. The company maintain its position through a clear focus, well targeted product offer and excellent record both in product and format design. Core Competence Core competence is the processes that critically underpin the companys competitive advantage. Tesco primary target is to recognise that competition between businesses is as much a race for competence as it is for market position and market power. Hence, the Company have to focus the attending on competencies that really influence competitive advantage. Core competence is basically the process to develop the key area of a business in which the company expert, which bring a distinctive advantage over the competitors, and also critically connected with company long term growth. However, it will be important for Tesco to look at the generic level. Therefore in this case, Tescos expertise are most likely to mature central area of business where the most value added to its services and its devilries. For example, trust on Tesco brand prevarication at the heart of these services In addition, Core competencies of a Tesco have rather rigid, but a research shows that core competencies have to elastic, and it should be change in response to change in companys environment over the time. Therefore the company need to accommodate and create new idea and also new opportunity in the market. For example, Tesco launched its loyalty card and went into banking. Tesco able to enter into retailing of food and non food products was a clear distinctive brand proposition that had a focus on a properly define market section. The company also provide a strong and efficient customer service, based on a good customer relationship. Tesco Strategic Options: Generic Strategies Introduction: According to Porter (1985), competitive advantage arises from selection of the generic strategy that best fits the organisations competitive environment and then organizing activities to support the chosen strategy. These strategies are characterised by the company in response to their structure and environment of the organization. However to obtain a competitive advantage Tesco should follow one of the three strategies, which is developed by Porter. Cost Leadership Tesco accommodate the first strategy of cost leadership in which can endeavour the lowest costs in the market and offer its products and services to broad market at the lowest prices. The company are more focusing on the effective saving programme call Step-Change. By this programme the company delivered  £540 million of productivity and other saving in the year, which mostly reinvested in improving the shopping trip for customers. To reducing the amount of energy the company introduce better ways of working to improve the efficiency by making things better for customers, simpler for stop and cheaper for company. For example, according to a report, in the last year the company saved 52,000 deliveries to companys stores by using larger-fill-double-decked vehicles, which in turn have also 12 million road miles. Some other example of these projects which delivered substantial savings in the year includes: Saving in the Supply Chain-the company using more shelf-ready packaging and reconfiguring the depot network to increased vehicle utilisation and more productive work methods in depots and stores. For example the distribution cost more held in cash terms and reduced in percentage of sales terms. By this method the company achieved despite higher fuel costs. Installed Energy Saving-the company significantly invest in energy-saving projects across the business- such as new refrigeration, store lobbies and lighting, its helping the company to absorb utility costs. From the energy consumption the company fell by 8% last year despite business growth. Low wage employees- the company have around 31000 employees working in India as Global Support Centre, which provides IT and administrative support to UK and International operationsfrom software development to management accounting and payroll. If the company use another strategy of differentiation, the company then tries to offer a good services and product with unequal features that customers value. With the differentiation strategy the company created a brand loyalty for their offering, and price inelasticity on the parts of buyers. For example to achieve a better and more efficient service provide by the company to checkouts, many more customers didnt have to queue last year and customer continue to rank the company for speed of services at the checkout. Another example of this approach, the company have different brand product according to their feature, speciality, and reliability. Such as Tesco value, Finest, Organic etc Value Chain Primary Activities Inbound logistics According to Alex Laffey, we choose G-Logs logistics and transportation technology because their solution will support and enhance our low-cost, high quality approach to growth in the retail market. Major factors in our decision to select G-Log were the close and demonstrable fit of their software to our requirements, and their ability to rapidly deploy the solution in phases to meet our aggressive project time frame. G-log is providing visibility, optimization, and execution will enable the company to integrate their supplier, partners and logistics service providers, delivering real-time visibility of in transit orders, whilst optimising the transportation resources by both consolidating loads and selecting the most cost effective carrier. The G-log continues to shows to deliver significant result, and to provide value to its customers, in terms of improved customer services, reduced costs and enhanced competitive advantage. Outbound Logistics Outbound logistics is concerned with the delivering the product to the customer. The company adds value to its home delivery services. Tesco also trying to improve other tangible that have to be improved, such as parking facilities, trolley collectors, staff on self service checkout, and also to saying to customer hello hey and thank you with smiling face. The company making small improvements in everything with Every Little Help is about the company work together on the little things, its amount to a great deal. It keeps the focused on what matters most to customers. The company do not sacrifice all the other things that are so important to customers, such as not having to queue and being able to get everything that they want. Support Activities Company Infrastructure The company introduce software Real Time Integrator (RTI) which provides retailer with faster access to critical business information, through the provision and use of accurate, detailed, point-of-sale (POS) information. Sale data from individual store database will be routed to head office in XML to Microsoft server and Microsoft SQL. The solution handles 1500 sales transactions a second at peak times, which each have an average of between 50 and 100 items. To reduce the number not the on file items the first application for RTI will pilot for 120 stores, which improve the customer experience. Human Resources Management Tesco introduce a high commitment model which offers training and development to all employees. In addition the company extend their logo through their culture to prove their commitment to employees as well as to customers. The company continue to invest in customer services where training is also directly linked to pay, therefore the staff is motivated to learn and encourage their approach to customers and services and the provision of qualities. Conclusion With the research carried out, the company shows how the branding and effective service delivery can come in moving beyond splashing ones logo on billboard. The company made their market leader due to their successful and dynamic strategies. The company also made a powerful brand and powerful identities making their retailing concept into various and spending it out into the culture via a variety of channels. Such culture sponsorship, political controversy, consumer experience and brand extensions. The company change their culture and business environment very rapidly due to the high competitors pressure. The company also have to diversify the product and expand their strategies in order to sustain in its leading market position. This is already established by the company. Tesco need to make sure, to have the combination of good customer services, competitive pricing and efficiency when they launching a new product. Tesco has definitely has the potential and can compete with other store if the company get the above combination right. REFERENCES http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2007/nov/09/supermarkets.tesco1 Tesco history from. http://www.telegraph.co.uk http://www.cn.tesco.com/en/aboutus/aboutus_history.htm http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/analysis-and-features/tesco-thinks-small-to-be-big-in-america-394385.html Datamonitor Report (2003) Food retail industry profile: United Kingdom, January; Datamonitor Report (2003) SWOT Analysis Tesco PLC, July; Datamonitor Report (2003) Company Profile: Tesco PLC Analysis, October; Tesco Annual Report and Financial Statement 2009, To find out more go towww.tesco.com/annualreport09 De Toni A. and Tonchia S. (2003) Strategic planning and firms competencies: Traditional approaches and new perspectives, International Journal of Operations Production Management, Vol. 23 Issue 9, pp.947-976; http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0FNP/is_4_44/ai_n13248624/ http://www.tesco.com/talkingtesco/oldDefault.asp Drejer A. (2000) Organisational learning and competence development, The Learning Organization: An International Journal, Vol. 7 Issue 4, pp.206-220; Finch P. (2004) Supply chain risk management, Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, Vol. 9 Issue 2, pp.183-196; Graiser A. and Scott T. (2004) Understanding the Dynamics of the Supermarket Sector, The Secured Lender, Vol. 60 Issue 6, November/December, pp.10-14; Johnson G. and Scholes K. (2003) Exploring Corporate Strategy, 6th ed.,Prentice Hill: London; Lindgreen A. and Hingley M. (2003) The impact of food safety and animal welfare policies on supply chain management: The case of the Tesco meat supply chain, British Food Journal, Vol. 105 Issue 6, pp.328-349; MarketWatch (2004) Company Spotlight: Tesco, Datamonitor, September; Mintel Report (2004) Food Retailing -UK, Retail Intelligence, Nobember; Myers H. (2004) Trends in the food retail sector across Europe, European Retail Digest, Spring, Issue 41, pp.1-3; Palmer M. (2004) International retail restructuring and divestment: the experience of Tesco, Journal of Marketing Management, November, Vol. 20 Issue 9/10, pp.1075-1101; Porter M. (1980) How Competitive Forces Shape Strategy, The McKinsey Quartely, Spring 1980, pp.34-50; Ritz (2005) Store wars, Business Review, Vol. 11, April, pp.22-23; Veliyath R. and Fitzgerald E. (2000) Firm Capabilities, Business Strategies, Customer Preferences, and Hypercompetitive Arenas: The Sustainability of Competitive Advantages with Implications for Firm Competitiveness, Competitiveness Review, Vol. 10 Issue 1, pp.56-82; Bibliography Anon (2004) Case Study IV: Tesco implements the business engine network to gain full control of it IT Project Portfolio, Journal of Database Marketing Customer Strategy Management Vol.12. Tesco business strategy, 2008 available at http://www.bized.co.uk/ Tesco business strategy 2008 available at www.tescocorporate.com/images/TescocsrReview02_0.pdf Datamonitor Report (2003) Company Profile: Tesco PLc Analysis, http://university-essays.tripod.com/porters_generic_strategies.html Palmer, M. (2005), Retail multinational learning: a case study of Tesco, International Journal of Retail Distribution Management, Vol. 33 No. 1

Richard B :: Business and Management Studies:

Richard B The cost of the plant renovation is paid in full on December 31, 1991. 1) Changes to analysis: a. The lost output due to construction should reflect the higher output of the renovated plant (24,075). Thereby the net output for the year corresponds to 10 months of the new output. b. The DDB depreciation should switch to straight-line when straight line is greater. Otherwise the plant does not get fully depreciated. c. The 3.5% overhead on capital for new projects should not be applied for the renovation of existing equipment. The overhead of the existing plant is not affected. Since there is no incremental change in overhead, it should not be included in the analysis. d. The preliminary engineering cost should not be included in the analysis for making a decision to renovate the plant. These are sunk costs and therefore are not included in an incremental analysis. e. A cumulative DCF was added so the payback period is clearly illustrated. The Hawkins' analysis appeared to add the "Free Cash Flow" without discounting to obtain the payback period. The revised payback period is 5.21 years. f. The equivalent annuity was added. The annuity equivalent to the revised NPV of 6.08 million pounds is 0.80 million pounds. This figure can be divided by the number of shares FYE 91 to obtain the average earnings per share of 0.0086 pounds. The Hawkins' analysis appeared to average the "Free Cash Flow" without discounting then divided by the number of shares to obtain the EPS. g. Hawkins should perform sensitivity analyses to the market price of polypropylene, the cost of the renovation, and the efficiency advantage of the renovated plant. (These are shown in Exhibits 2b through 2e). The margins are revised for the new prices keeping the cost of production fixed. Transport Division The cost of the additional capital required by the transport division should not be included in the analysis. Empirical Chemicals is actually helping the transport division by using its excess capacity. Additional capital obtained by the transport division should be paid by all of its customers through transportation fees. Director of Sales ================= There are a number of producers of polypropylene that have higher costs than EC Rotterdam. These producers will be the first to feel

Indian Premiere League Controversy

Board of control for Cricket is the most powerful and most influential organization in the world of cricket. It is one of the richest sports organizations in the world. Mr. N Srinivasan came a long way starting as a cricket administrator in Tamil Nadu in 2001 to becoming President of Board of Control for Cricket in India in 2011. Indian Premier League is considered as the world’s show case for the T20 cricket. Eight teams will be participating in this tournament. An UK based consulting firm Brand Finance has valued it at 4. 3 billion US dollars in 2010. During N. Srinivasan term as president IPL has faced lot of controversies. Being the most powerful man in world of cricket administrators he refused to quit when his son in law was caught being involved in the purported illegal betting. He gradually worked his way to become the President of the most powerful board in the world of cricket. He has been charged with conflict of interest by owing an IPL franchise the Chennai Super Kings. He refused to resign from the president post after his son in law was caught for alleged illegal betting on the IPL matches. Former BCCI president AC Muthiah has filed a case in Supreme Court challenging the board rules that permits the BCCI officials to own an IPL franchises (Singh, 2013). Three players S Sreesanth, Ankeet Chavan and Ajit Chnadila from Rajasthan Royals were arrested for alleged spot fixing by Delhi police. Srinivasan clamorously said that the guilty will not be spared and was surprised and disappointed with the spot fixing events. Nobody expected his son in law Gurunath Meiyappan will be involved in the illegal betting allegations. Being in a responsible position, instead of stepping down as President on morality basis and this is one of the worst scandals of Indian Cricket he became argumentative and even criticized the media for going after him (Singh, 2013). The India Cements owner of Chennai Super Kings had issued a statement stating that Meiyappan is not a CEO of the company after he was subpoenaed by Mumbai Police and he is in anyway not related to the franchise. But twitter account status of Meiyappans’s said that he was the Team Principal of CSK, was titled as the owner of the franchise at a particular event , he was sitting in the player’s auction and was present in the dugout of CSK for all the matches where only the team management was allowed to be present in the dugout. So India Cements argument that he is not related to the franchise is absolutely false (Singh, 2013). He was involved in illegal betting of CSK matches too. This raises lot of questions as he may have passed the team combinations and planning to the bookies as he has access to all the players (Singh, 2013). If Srinivasan tries to brush off things and cover up the whole situation then BCCI will jeopardize the faith and entrust of millions of people who follow the game of cricket and where cricket is a religion in India. For the betterment of cricket, cricket lovers and inviolability of cricket in India Srinivasan must resign and ensure that all the guilty are served with the punishment. The other members of the board have resigned as they are not satisfied with the Srivasan’s decision and how he handled the situation (Singh, 2013). Source of Conflict: This conflict can be an example for Substantive conflict. This occurs when two or more organizational members disagree on their task or content issues. Conflict of values: This occurs when two social entities differ in their values or ideologies on certain issues (Druckman, Broome & Korper, 1988). Srinivasan differs with the ideologies and values of the BCCI this can be recognized as conflict of values. Level of Analysis: This can be an example of Interpersonal conflict. It refers to conflict between two or more organizational members of the same or different hierarchical levels. This situation has created differences between the board members and the treasurer and other board members have resigned it can be classified as interpersonal conflict.References:Rahim, M. A. (2001). Managing conflict in organizations. Westport, Conn: Quorum Books. Druckman, D., Broome, B., & Korper, S., (1988).  Value differences and conflict resolution: Facilitation or delinking?  Journal of Conflict Resolution, 32, 489 – 510.  Ã‚   Singh, M. (2013, may 26). IPL spot-fixing: Why N Srinivasan should quit as BCCI president. Retrieved July 7, 2013, from Zeenews.india.com: http://zeenews.india.com/blog/ipl-spot-fixing-why-n-srinivasan-should-quit-as

How to Avoid the Freshman 15

How to Avoid the Freshman 15 The Freshman 15 is one of the things incoming students hear about the most. Legend has it that the average student gains fifteen pounds during their first year in college. Urban myth or not, keep these tips in mind to ensure you eat and stay healthy as you adjust to eating on campus. Walk whenever and wherever you can on campus. Your campus may be big or small, hilly or flat, but regardless: its probably walkable. Do your best to take the long way when you can. Join an intramural sports team. Never played rugby or softball before? Who cares! Intramural sports can be a fun way to learn a new sport, meet people, and stay healthy during your time at school. Use the campus gym. Its most likely free, or very cheap. Make the most of it while you can. Get a workout partner. Not good at always making it to that 8:00 a.m. spin class? Find someone else who is interested in attending on a regular basis, and help hold each other accountable. Choose diet soda instead of regular. You might be surprised at how quickly all of those calories add up! Eat a salad (or a piece of fruit, or a healthy side veggie) with whatever else you grab for dinner. And do it every time. Eat a healthy breakfast. Your mom was right: your day does go better when you eat a good breakfast. Avoid the d onuts and grab some oatmeal to go. Keep healthy snacks in your room. Even if you dont have a fridge in your room, you can still keep pretzels, fruit (dried or fresh), healthy nuts, and energy bars on hand. Dont get dessert every time you eat. True, the dining hall may have unlimited self-serve ice cream, but that doesnt mean you should eat it every night. If youre going to order food late at night, make smart choices. Up late studying with your roommate and want to order pizza? Choose cheese only instead of loading up on toppings. Do something physical every weekend. Go for a run, join a pick-up game, play Ultimate Frisbee with some friends. Just get your body moving. Walk when you go off campus. Are your friends and you heading to a nice, neighborhood restaurant to get away for a while? If you can, try walking as a group instead of hopping in a car. Let yourself splurge every once in a while. Giving in to the self-serve ice cream machine is fine, as is the donut you are craving for breakfast, as long as you dont do it every day. But you do deserve a treat every once in a while! Drink water throughout the day. Do you go for 8 hours straight, from work to class to your club meeting to work again? Bring a water bottle with you to make sure you stay hydrated and healthy. Dont go long periods without eating. Running around all day, only to realize you havent eaten in a long time, isnt good for your body. It also may increase the likelihood that youll eat whats first available, instead of the food and nutrients your body needs. If you know you have a long day coming, pack some snacks ahead of time so your body has the fuel it needs to keep up with that big, college-educated brain of yours.

Tearing, Ripping, and Rending

Tearing, Ripping, and Rending Tearing, Ripping, and Rending Tearing, Ripping, and Rending By Maeve Maddox English is rich in words to describe the act of cutting and pulling things apart, words like tear, rip, hack, slash, stab, and rend. Writers of violent fictionor journalists reporting the daily newscan choose just the right word to describe an injury: A taxi driver hacked an American to death after an argument over a $1.60 fare, Thai officials said late Sunday. [On a New York subway platform], a 24-year-old man was slashed with a Corona bottle in the neck, arms, and hands, and is recovering at Bellevue. Likewise, writers of romance are able to convey degrees of emotional pain by using the words figuratively. It’s the rejection that stabs you in the heart and crushes your soul. Here are six verbs to describe tearing, ripping, and rending: hack: This verb suggests heavy blows, possibly made in the heat of anger. tear: In modern usage, this is the verb we use with paper or another flimsy substance. If complete destruction is meant, we say â€Å"tear to pieces,† or â€Å"tear in pieces.† rip: This word can also be used of tearing paper, but carries a more forceful connotation. rend: A bit old-fashioned, rend has a Biblical ring to it. Mourners rend their garments; the Lord threatens to rend Solomon’s kingdom from him. The past tense is rent: â€Å"When the town of Sunnydale slid into the hellmouth on ‘Buffy,’ my fellow fans and I rent our hair and blubbered.† (OED example) NOTE: Rend is the verb in the expression â€Å"heart-rending†: â€Å"causing intense sorrow or emotional anguish.† Google Ngram Viewer indicates that the frequently heard eggcorn â€Å"heart-wrenching† first appeared in the 1950s. slash: This word suggests a sweeping blow with a sword, although in our day, a broken beer bottle will do. stab: This word implies the thrust of a short weapon, like a dagger. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:How to Format a UK Business LetterPeople versus Persons5 Examples of Misplaced Modifiers

Journal Entry Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Journal Entry - Personal Statement Example Unit six was another important learning package for me because it really relates to my area of work in real estate. I work for Qatar Diar, hence, I feel that the lessons on product and price as the focal points of a marketing mix help me in my position as an executive assistant in the department of contracts and procurement. Combining the concepts of market research and marketing mix can be very efficient at the workplace. The organization can source for information using surveys, personal interviews and focused groups to determine the type of product the market requires, in my case this would be housing, and the pricing that is favorable depending on the quality of the product. On a personal level, learning about market information and research enables me to provide my director with relevant information as to the type of materials that the company should procure to enhance the quality of the company’s product and give it a competitive advantage over its

Human resource - service industry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5250 words

Human resource - service industry - Essay Example The airline company, which has been chosen to structure this report, is the British Airways. It is one of the world's leading scheduled international passenger and cargo airlines catering to about 300 destinations across the world. ("Annual Report of British Airways", 2008). According to the International Air Transport Association the airline industry, lost up to $8 billion in the year 2008 which surpassed previously forecasted amount. The marketing environment is constantly changing and with every change the industry gets affected. The demand for airline industry is highly income elastic ("An analysis of British Airways Marketing Environment", 2008). Thus the rise in fuel price last year and the recent economic turmoil has affected the airlines industry in a huge way as passengers are avoiding more expensive travels. According to a report by Air Transport Association (ATA), the revenue generated from passenger travels for all airlines fell by 19% during the month of February, 2009 when compared to February 2008. The company saw a decline in 8.6 percent in premium traffic and 4.1 percent in non premium. ("Lucrative Business class air travel hit by crisis", 2009). Thus the situation within the company is not showing encouraging signs. In such operating e nvironment the company is applying reactive strategies by planning to cut down on employees. It has to be remembered that British Airways is formed by the collaboration of two state owned airlines. As a result the company previously lacked in any focused Human Resource Management policy. The significant changes took place when Lord King was appointed as the chairman of the company in the year 1981, and he was quick to identify the low employee moral that was present within the organization. The company's core values lies with the quality of customer service they provide which is attached to its brand. Given this operating environment in the industry, the company needs to incorporate concentrated human resource management policies into their revival strategy. This is because of the fact that, in the case of industries like this industry, where the most of the employees are coming in direct contact with the customers the level of employee motivation required is very high. The way in w hich the employees are being treated and compensated will reflect the effectiveness of value proposition being delivered to the customers. British Airways was formed by the merger of British European Airways and British Overseas Airways Corporation in the year 1974. (Lundy, Cowling, 1996). As both of the merging airlines were state owned the merger resulted in the overstaffing (more than 50 thousand) of the new enterprise and also there were evident management related issues within the organization. In the year 1980 the management style of the company was bureaucratic in nature containing many layers of hierarchical management. (Lundy, Cowling, 1996). At that time less importance were given in the qualitative aspects like employee relation, customer loyalty etc. Focuses were more given on the operational aspects but till then the company was incurring heavy losses. The significant

Thomas Merton biography Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Thomas Merton biography - Essay Example On December 10th, 1941, he joined the Abbey of Gethsemani. He was active in the life of the abbey as a writer for many years, but from 1965 to 1968, he lived as a hermit in its precincts. His writings would take up controversial issues and developing concerns. Many people thought his political attitudes were unbecoming of a monk. Before his death, he became deeply familiar with Eastern philosophy such as Zen Buddhism. He actively promoted East-West dialogue during the 1960s, and during a trip to a conference on East-West dialogue, Merton died. In Bangkok on December 10, 1968, he was accidentally electrocuted. His legacy is still felt today. He was one of the few Christians who commended the Eastern philosophies. Many people see Thomas Merton as a spiritual leader, a great writer, and a man who exemplified the quest for God in human solidarity. In 1969 donations from his aunts, Agnes and Beatrice Merton began a special collection of his work kept by Christchurch City Libraries. Some of his work is still being published

English essay on Of Mice and Men Essay Example for Free

English essay on Of Mice and Men Essay Steinbeck uses an example of symbolism in the form of Candys dog. Re-read pages 70-76, what qualities/ values does this dog represent? Which human characteristics could be represented by these qualities/ values? Candy is the oldest man on the ranch. As he is the oldest, he has more things to worry about than the others. He has only one hand and a womens name, and through Steinbecks writing, we know why this is, because he has lost his masculinity and pride. He also has a pet extremely old pet dog, which he loves and everyone loathes, as they think it is useless and suffering, Candy thinks otherwise and doesnt want it shot. Candys dog, which doesnt have a name and is incredibly old in the story, represents the fact that things that are unimportant are unknown to other people. This represents Candy as an old undervalued character that is slowly loosing value like his dog. It establishes that if youre an old animal, then youre in trouble. This is why Candy is so reluctant to have his dog shot because he knows what its like to be old and unwanted, but because he and his dog share the same qualities, he feels like they are close friends that rely on each other. In the book, he says Im so used to him, he said softly. I had him as a pup. This shows the closeness between the two. Candy cant bear to imagine loosing something he has been so close to for most of his life on the ranch. And has he and the dog dont have anyone but themselves, Candy feels that he will be completely alone after the dog dies. Because Candy doesnt want the dog to die before him, he wants to savour what he has got left. Candy and the dog are both living on borrowed time, which means as soon as the boss finds out Candy is too old to work, hell throw him, and Candy wont have anywhere to go. When Candys dog does get shot he feels instant regret. This is because he felt he should have shot the dog, and not Carlson. Candy feels that by not doing this, he has betrayed his dog and let him down. If anyone is supposed to take responsibility over anyone, it should be their best or closest friend. He wasnt there to comfort the dog too, he feels guilt and is let down by his actions. Some one else that is in the same position as Candy and his dog are Lennie and George. George being the strongest to the two is very protective over Lennie. He makes a point of always telling what to do, but for his own good. People at the ranch criticize George on his choice of friendship, but this is because no one else seems to have a close companionship except them and Candy and his dog. They are jealous they dont have the privilege to have someone to rely on. George and Lennie really do count on each other, as they are planning to get some money together and buy and farm so they can grow their own food and have animals. At the end of the book, when George kills Curleys wife, he runs away just like George told him to and hides. When George finally finds him, he knows Lennie is going to be killed by an angry mob, so he takes the matter into his own hands. He speaks to Lennie about how theyre going to live, and about rabbits, as Lennie loves them so. This way he can kill Lennie without a sore consciousness and with Lennie truly happy. The only other couple in the story are Curley and his wife, who has no name in the book. This shows that women werent the same status like men, and also like Candys dog, she doesnt really have any value to anyones life in the book, so she dies along with Lennie and the dog. Though she and Curley didnt have a good relationship, he obviously cared for her, and went crazy when she was killed. Because it was Lennie who killed her, Curley felt like it was his responsibility to kill Lennie. Curley new what his wifes nature was like, flirtatious and open. This would make the reader think that Curley was maybe jealous that it wasnt him that killed her, but Lennie, who is seen as the village idiot. In this novel, I think Steinbeck was trying to tell us that if you have companionship throughout the toughest times of your life, dont count on it, because one day the other person will let you down. He also wanted to show that whoever you take companionship with; you will have to take responsibility of their death. He wanted to show the readers that in a tough time, you cant have someone to reply on all the time you have to be independent and strong.

Health Essays Childhood Obesity Overweight

Health Essays Childhood Obesity Overweight Childhood Obesity Overweight Introduction Childhood obesity in the United States is proving to be a topic of major concern. Throughout the past decades, this issue has been overlooked and simply unattended to. Other health issues such as second-hand smoke and cancer have indeed been the more popular topics addressed. However, people are starting to notice a change in the leaders of tomorrow. Quite frankly, these children are becoming extremely unhealthy and overweight. In the past, it was out of the ordinary to see a child that was obese. However, overweight children in the United States are actually starting to become a norm (Koplan, Liverman Kraak, 2005). This is where the problem begins to unfold. Parents are becoming increasingly concerned about their children’s health due to the fact that obesity hinders a wide range of factors. Imagine a child that cannot participate in any extracurricular activities such as baseball, soccer, or basketball due to his or her weight. Then, try to explain to that child that due to being overweight, he or she might have an increased chance of heart disease, strokes, and high blood pressure (Vessey MacKenzie, 2000). Above all, imagine being a child and learning that one of their peers has just died due to the fact that he or she was obese. One must begin to realize that the lives of children in the United States are at stake. Science in the past has told the public that each generation is living longer than its precedent. The tide has turned sadly enough as scientists are predicting that this verity is now untrue (Kimm Obarzanek, 2002). With that being said, if lives are beginning to shorten, one might conclude that it is now time to take some action. In an attempt to explore the idea of childhood obesity one must result to an interdisciplinary analysis. The topic involves a wide range of disciplines such as biology, sociology, psychology, and business, which should all be taken into consideration to avoid an oversimplification. There is not one single discipline that can fully address the entire scope of childhood obesity (Repko, 2005). By narrowing down the research, a large amount of data will be looked at using numerous perspectives to try to avoid a biased outcome. The extent of obesity in children is an extremely multifaceted topic and desperately needs to be approached this way to fully grasp and comprehend the issue. Also, for a complete understanding and resolution to be formulated, every discipline needed to investigate the issue must be used. Childhood obesity contains a vast range of disciplines to help in its characterization. With that being said, these disciplines tend to all be interlocked with one another. Looking at childhood obesity through the discipline of biology for instance would constantly be leading the researcher to a psychological standpoint every time a page is turned. Simply ignoring certain disciplines would be an extreme mistake in trying to come to a conclusive solution of the issue addressed and would most likely lead to a biased opinion. Disciplines The following is a compilation of all the disciplines used along with each of their contributions in the process of addressing the issue of childhood obesity. There is indeed a vast range of disciplines that are included. Chemistry, economics, law, and history all bring important insights to the table when addressing childhood obesity. Chemistry will look at various experimental data to try to assess the various structures of fats and sugars that are involved in a child’s diet. Economics could be used to try to understand the possible effects that production and distribution of certain foods has when placed in front of children. Why are these extremely unhealthy foods being put on the shelf for kids to buy? Economics would try to investigate this issue and bring forth a decisive explanation. In addition, law would be utilized to help to understand what governmental efforts have been made towards the issue of childhood obesity. Are the steps being taken by are government in the right direction or are they simply dancing around the heart of the issue? Finally, history is a very helpful discipline in referencing statistical data taken about obese children. Has this problem always been around or is it just now becoming an issue? History with the help of statistics will also illustrate past successes and failures of strategies that were put in action to help to aid the issue being discussed. Throughout the course of the investigation of childhood obesity all the preceding disciplines listed will be taken into consideration. However, biology, sociology, and business will be most relevant and crucial to the process of defining the issue at hand. Biology Biology will be used to try to understand the needs of the human body to progress and function. Each person has a minimum amount of calories that must be consumed to properly run its processes. Likewise, each person has a unique rate of consuming these calories and converting them to energy. The researcher can use biology to place an actually measurement of health of an individual. Attaining a proper measurement or gauge of health has proven to be a very difficult task. Height, sex, genetics, bone structure, and even ethnicity are all very important factors that determine a child’s proper weight. Biology will help to place a gauge on each of these factors and formulate a proper medium for each person. This discipline will be examined first in the following writing because one needs to understand what obesity is before he or she can begin to examine the problem. Biology will basically lay a foundation for the rest of the disciplines as to how they are to be used to assess obesity in children. Sociology Next, a viewpoint based on sociology must be addressed. Demographics of families, along with their ethnicities will be looked at to try to explain the effects of obesity on certain specific populations. Society will be investigated to try to expose the viewpoints of obese children and their parents. Does society really understand the issue? Do children place any concern with health and fitness? These are both very important questions that sociology will help to address through the aid of statistical data. Also, every child does have the right to choose what he or she consumes on a day-to-day basis. Hence, each child must face all of the problems that arise if he or she becomes obese. Obesity is not purely a biological problem. If the previous statement was true, a child could then simply consume less calories and loose weight. However, a child has to make cognitive choices and observations about what is acceptable. Sociology will step in and try to uncover any problems that may be resulting in a population of obese children that simply are misguided by the viewpoints of society. This discipline will be used after biology in hopes to build upon the new understanding of the problem. Once a person understands the physical aspects of childhood obesity using biology, then he or she can delve into the societal traits. Business Finally, obesity has become such a large issue that it has effectively created an entire new industry to take care of itself. Business is a discipline that will be used to help explain the way industries portray children and how they affect what populations recognize and understand. Business will try to assess ethical issues as to whether the food industry for example is making an effort to help. There are obviously many businesses in the United States that are trying to educate children about obesity. However, for every positive product formed, there is another marketing scheme that is made to try to take advantage of a very helpless situation. As a result, the structure and function of the food industry needs to be addressed and scanned for possible pitfalls and shortcomings. Lastly, the discipline of business will be used in the final part of this paper in hopes to illustrate how it relates back to the obese children. The reader will then furthermore understand the extremity of this issue and how it is rooted in almost every aspect of life. In summation, childhood obesity is an extremely sophisticated problem involving the ethics and morals or our society. Children cannot be expected to solve their own problem and desperately need help from all ends of the spectrum. The purpose of this paper is to lay the foundation for a better understanding and new perspective of childhood obesity. This perspective will hopefully stem new possible outcomes that are constructed by the synthesis of each of the discipline’s contributions. Furthermore, the following writing will attempt to educate society of the dangers of childhood obesity and show that this is not a problem caused by one situation. Hopefully the reader will realize that through an interdisciplinary understanding, bringing an end to obesity in children is not an unattainable goal. Background How is childhood obesity defined? Has this issue been around for a long time or is it merely just beginning to cause trouble for the United States? These are two very important questions that every individual needs to be aware of. One cannot expect to be able to successfully tackle an issue without knowing its history beforehand. First, childhood obesity is basically defined as a person that has a body mass index that is above the 95th percentile. That is, the individual exceeds his or her natural weight by approximately 20%. Body mass index is the most widely accepted procedure for sampling obesity in large populations. Basically, it is a numerical measurement composed of a person’s height and weight. Although this particular test does not take a persons bone structure into consideration, the average of an overall population remains very accurate (Vessey MacKenzie, 2000). The people involved in this issue are individuals between the ages of 6 and 17. Male and female children including every ethnicity that resides in the United States are included in this problem. Although obesity rates are increasing almost exponentially in all age groups, children seem to be of the most concern to health experts today. These children are in the most important stage of their growth. An overweight child is putting his or her entire lifespan in jeopardy (Green Reese, 2006). Adolescent obesity has not been around as long as other problems such as cancer, leukemia, or the flu. Yet, it is unique due to the fact that childhood obesity is growing at such an alarming rate. The first signs of childhood obesity began to appear in the 1960’s (Schwartz Puhl, 2003). What caused this sudden weight gain in children during this time? There are several possible explanations however there does not seem to be one clearly defined culprit. The fast food industry is just one of the possible causes that is often looked at. Critics believe that during the 1960’s fast food was starting to embed in American culture. McDonalds restaurants were popping up all around the United States offering a quick and effortless meal. Before fast food, most families were dependant upon time consuming home cooked meals. However, for the first time, people were starting to realize that a ready-to-eat meal was just a few dollars away. Consequently, people started putting the healthy meal aside and began to grab a quick sandwich from a fast food restaurant. Hence, in the 1960’s children’s calorie intake began to rise as their eating habits were basically being altered by society. Statistics showed during this time that the percentage of obese children was approximately 4.5%. As calorie intake began to rise, physical activities began to decrease. Approximately 33% of students in high school do not expose themselves to any strenuous physical activity. Present day schools are so involved in standardized testing that extracurricular activities have been in some ways taken out of the daily lesson plan. Even technology, which usually always aids in the advancement of society, has played a role in increasing rates of childhood obesity. Computer based games, and highly sophisticated cell phones are a few examples that have placed negative outcomes on beneficial cardiovascular events (Harper, 2006). Heath experts began to see a problem by the 1970’s. The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey was one of the first efforts in addressing the issue of childhood obesity. A study was done in three parts during a 25-year span starting in the late 1960’s. The test studied the body mass index of children and adjusted the results as age, sex, and ethnicity of the population of children changed through time. The results were anything but subtle. There was a 40% increase of overweight children in the ten-year span of the first and second studies. No other illness at this time was even close to growing at such an astounding rate (Rosenbaum Leibel, 1998). With that being said, the third study that was completed in 1994 delivered a divesting knockout punch. The National Health and Nutrition Survey revealed that the number of obese children in the United States had grown a monstrous 100% in the past 10 years (Dietz Gortmaker, 2001). Obesity in children was now considered an epidemic. In the past decade, the percentage of obese adolescents in the 95th percentile has once again doubled. Obese children between the ages of 6 and 11 seemed to have the highest grow rates of any other subgroup. Estimates were now showing that almost 15% of the children in the United States are obese or extremely overweight. Obesity does not seem to be biased towards any particular age, race, or gender. However, African American girls, Hispanics, and American Indians were shown to have the largest overweight populations (Koplan, Liverman Kraak, 2005). Why are obese children the population that is drawing the most attention? First, biologists studying this epidemic have noted that fact that the gene pool in the United States has basically remained the same over the past 15 years. This tends to rule out any possible explanations dealing with actual evolutionary changes or modifications in the human body. As a result, scientists tend to believe that the causes of the increase in children’s weight are a product of environmental effects on metabolism. At any rate, it is shown that individuals who are obese as children are most likely beginning a lifelong fight (Dietz Gortmaker, 2001). Present studies have shown that approximately 95% of obese individuals who succeed in loosing weight tend to gain almost all of it back over time (Koplan, Liverman Kraak, 2005). This statement is supported by our ever-increasing percentage of obese adults. In 2001, statistics show that there were 29 states containing a percentage of obese adults of 20% or greater. Hence, prevention at the earliest possible age is said to be the only hope for success in stopping this seemingly out of control problem. It is shown that the younger the child is, the less likely he or she will have developed bad eating habits. Also, younger children tend to be much easier to work with as oppose to stubborn teenagers who may not accept parental influence. All in all, childhood obesity tends to result in numerous mental, physical and social health disorders for the growing individual. Without immediate intervention at a young age, obesity in children may continue to grow (Kimm Obarzanek, 2002). The following writing will continue to decipher the issue of adolescent obesity and will expose crucial concepts, theories and assumptions dealing with each discipline involved. Biology will first be discussed with the goal of further defining the physical and biological effects of childhood obesity. One must understand how the child physically becomes obese and what biological factors are involved. Next, sociology will be addressed with the goal of educating the reader of the impacts that society has on obese children. Are there any direct causes of obesity that society may have initiated? Finally, business will be mined for possible ways that large companies and organizations have affected the issue. Are these interventions effective or are they merely ways to mask the problem? In conclusion, each discipline involved offers its own understanding of childhood obesity. One must take each possible approach into consideration in hopes of forming a new more comprehensive explanation. An interdisciplinary approach is used in this situation to help organize the inputs of the disciplines and then synthesize them into a new holistic picture. This process helps to avoid a biased opinion, which is likely formed by increasing specialization of the disciplines. Furthermore it attacks the issue from every angle within the reach of the disciplines used (Repko, 2005). References Biology Dietz, W., Gortmaker, S. (2001). PREVENTING OBESITY IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS. Annual Review of Public Health, 22(1), 337. Retrieved February 29, 2008, from Academic Search Complete database. Kimm, S., Obarzanek, E. (2002, November). Childhood Obesity: A New Pandemic of the New Millennium. Pediatrics, 110(5), 1003. Retrieved February 8, 2008, from Academic Search Complete database. Rosenbaum, M., Leibel, R. (1998, March). The physiology of body weight regulation: Relevance to the Pediatrics, 101(3), 525. Retrieved February 29, 2008, from Academic Search Complete database. Vessey, J., MacKenzie, N. (2000, September). Childhood Obesity: Strategies for Prevention. Pediatric Nursing, 26(5), 527. Retrieved February 8, 2008, from Academic Search Complete database. Sociology Green, G., Reese, S. (2006, Fall). CHILDHOOD OBESITY: A GROWING PHENOMENON FOR PHYSICAL EDUCATORS. Education, 127(1), 121-124. Retrieved February 29, 2008, from Academic Search Complete database. Koplan, J., Liverman, C., Kraak, V. (2005, Spring). Preventing Childhood Obesity. Issues in Science Technology, 21(3), 57-64. Retrieved February 4, 2008, from Academic Search Complete database. Schwartz, M., Puhl, R. (2003, February). Childhood obesity: a societal problem to solve. Obesity Reviews, 4(1), 57-71. Retrieved February 29, 2008, from Academic Search Complete database. Business Harper, M. (2006, October). Childhood Obesity. Family Community Health, 29(4), 288-298. Retrieved February 29, 2008, from Academic Search Complete database. Other disciplines Repko, A (2005). Interdisciplinary practice a student guide to research and writing. Boston, MA: Pearson Custom Publishing.

Hospice Essays -- Papers

Hospice In my essay I will explain what hospices are, what they do and how they do it. I will also cover who do it to and what their response is to what the hospice have provided them with. This essay will also explain how the hospice is the alternative to euthanasia, pain and suffering. The Hospice movement represents one Christian response to pain and suffering. What is a Hospice? A hospice is a home for the care of terminally ill (People who are dying). The aim of a hospice is to improve the quality of life of the dying person and bring relief to the family members. Hospices are different to hospitals because hospitals cure or treat patients for them to heal and go back into society until they need treatment again from an accident or check up etc. However hospices take care of the people who know their time is near so they go to this hospice to ease their pain and suffering and living the rest of their days feeling loved and valued. When they are in the Hospice they do not necessarily have to stay there and socialise with the other patients, they can also leave the hospice to go out and enjoy themselves. St Christopher's Hospice ======================== The founder of the modern hospice movement in Britain is Dame Cicerly Saunders who was born in (1918). She had first trained as a nurse but had to give up this because of a bad back. At one time of her career she became very close to a man named David Tasma. Dame Cicerly Saunders decided to set up the hospice because at the time of this relationship she realised there should be a place for the care of the sick people and wondered if she could set... ...because normally people would die with fear of what comes next but the hospice provides care for the mind so they have "Peace of mind." I also think that the hospice is good because difficult problems should be faced. A man once said "The key to immortality is living a life worth remembering." This quote actually came from Bruce Lee I'm amazed that at his age he was able to think of such a philosophy. The Christians agree with hospices because it is an alternative to euthanasia. They believe this because if someone went to ask for euthanasia and another to go to a hospice the person who went chose euthanasia would leave this world troubled because they don't know what is coming next. On the other hand the hospice gives them peace of mind and understanding that don't be afraid of god for he is merciful and loving.

The argument behind this is that if ones parents

Alcohol is a drink that is consumed orally and has an intoxicating effect. A drug when it is defined using medical terms is any substance that when consumed affects body functions whether positively or negatively. The argument is that medically prescribed drugs can help one recover from a certain illness but when drugs are taken for fun can lead to addiction and other bad side effects.As per the above given definition, alcohol qualifies to be a drug and thus should be controlled like other drugs. The essence of this paper is to support the argument that alcohol is a dangerous drug and thus should be controlled.Alcohol is one of the most abused drug with the most affected being the youths. No one wants to become an alcoholic victim but one accidentally finds himself in it. It is hard to determine when one would become its victim or not as there are many underlying factors that act as catalyst. One person may consume it for a short time and become addicted while another might take alon g time before becoming one.There are two theories that are advanced by psychologists and sociologists and thus each of them takes the respective perspective. According to psychologists there are some genetic predispositions that determine if one will become an addict or not.The argument behind this is that if ones parents were addicts then the chances of one becoming like them are higher. The other theory advanced by the later is that there are some social factors that may cause one to become addicted these are factors like environmental factors such as cultural exposures and other social practices.Any drug that can lead to addiction like alcohol is dangerous and thus should be controlled. Apart from this, it has a wide range of health effects for example it interferes with normal brain functioning something that causes psychiatric disorders such as depressive disorder, panic disorder and anxiety disorder. Unlike other dugs like cocaine and heroine where withdrawal can only be fatal if one has other health complications, alcohol withdrawal can be fatal.The reason behind this is that when alcohol is taken it stimulates the GABA receptors something that causes anxiety and when it is consumed in large amount and consistently, it desensitizes and reduces these receptors thereby causing the body to be entirely dependent on it such that when it is abruptly stopped, it leads to the breakdown of the central nervous system.The victim immediately registers some life threatening seizures or convulsions, hallucinations and in extreme cases it results to heart failure (Cohen, Sidney. 1983).Socially it has led many to lose their prestigious jobs as when people become addicted they are forced to consume it even when they are supposed to be busy at work and in sober mind. This economically affects the productivity of companies as drunken people cannot be expected to be productive. If anything they make them incur loses as they put off the very customers they are expected to s erve. For this reason, alcohol is an obstacle to development and should thus be banned completely (Cohen, Sidney. 1983).Studies show that alcohol car related car accidents are the main cause of death of the youth between 15 and 24. It also increases suicide, homicide and drowning cases as in most cases victims who commit suicide are drunkards or those who are drowned are its victims.Alcohol also interferes with ones thought system and for this reason; most drunkards do no reason appropriately. Alcoholism leads to reduced judgment and that is why victims can cross a busy road without checking whether the road is safe or not and one end up being hit. Most car accidents are drivers who are under the influence of drugs. Like it is mentioned above, alcohol clouds ones judgment such that it is hard to think straight.When one is drunk he/she loses control over everything such that one is aware that something is happening but cannot take the appropriate measure and that is how accidents res ult. â€Å"Alcohol, even at low doses, significantly impairs the judgment and coordination required to drive a car safely.† (Partnership for a Drug Free America).According to a survey that was done by the Davis Law Group in 2007, about 12, 998 died in car accidents where drivers were under the influence of alcohol. If these cases are to be reduced, then the government must wake up and adopt a zero tolerance strategy to alcoholism (Davis Law Group. 2007).